http://www.techtimes.com/articles/135023/20160219/elon-musk-irked-koch-industries-assault-electric-cars.htm

Elon Musk Irked By Koch Industries Assault On Electric Cars

There may not be a bigger advocate for electric vehicles than Elon Musk.

The Tesla CEO’s line of electric vehicles continues to make strides, and the billionaire even suggested to the California Air Resources Board (CARB) last December to allow Volkswagen to forgo its massive emissions recall in exchange for allowing the automaker to switch to zero-emissions.

So, to say he’s a proponent of electric vehicles surpassing gas-powered cars and SUVs on the road someday would be a huge understatement.

That explains why he publicly responded to a Huffington Post article about Koch Industries reportedly ready to shell out about $10 million dollars per year to increase petroleum-based fuels with a simple but efficient “Sigh” on Twitter early Friday morning.

About an hour later, Musk additionally tweeted: “Worth noting that all gasoline cars are heavily subsidized via oil company tax credits & unpaid public health costs.”

The Huffington Post story revealed that a Koch Industries board member and seasoned Washington energy lobbyist are collaborating to fund a group to promote the advocacy for fossil fuels. That shouldn’t come as a surprise, considering the Kochs’ fortune was largely built on fossil fuels.

The media outlet reported that once the new group is launched — although there doesn’t seem to be a specific time table on a possible date — they’ll push pro-petroleum messages through the media to “make the public aware of all the benefits of petroleum-based transportation fuels,” an industry source requesting anonymity told the Huffington Post.

(Photo : Chip Somodevilla | Getty Images News)

Needless to say, they’re concerned with the continued growth of electric vehicles, especially given the fact that Koch Industries is still so heavily invested in fuels.

“They’re worried about state and community subsidies,” the source added. “In 20 years, electric vehicles could have a substantial foothold in the U.S. market.”

According to Huff Post, electric vehicles consist of one percent of automobiles in the United States, but that’s expected to increase to as much as five percent in 2025. Likely to add to that number is the government’s involvement, in the form of tax breaks being offered to potential car owners willing to go electric.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2016/02/18/cable-companies-the-fcc-may-force-us-to-make-your-life-more-difficult/

Cable companies: The FCC may force us to make your life more difficult

A coaxial cable is displayed for a photograph in front of a Time Warner Cable helmet in Manhattan Beach, California, U.S., on Monday, August 12, 2013. Photographer: Patrick Fallon/Bloomberg
Federal regulators launched an effort Thursday to give consumers more choice in the kinds of set-top boxes that provide them cable programming, a move that could reshape the way millions of Americans experience their television service.

But the cable industry has warned regulators that it will have little choice but to keep requiring monthly set-top box rentals if the federal government moves ahead with its proposal.

As a result, households that want to ditch their set-top boxes could wind up with even more of them, industry officials say. Instead of buying a third-party cable box to replace the one they rent from their TV provider, consumers could be forced to manage multiple devices, various firms have told regulators in meetings and in a regulatory filing.

The gloomy forecasts are aimed at deflating efforts by the Federal Communications Commission to allow outside companies, such as those from the tech industry, to build their own competing cable boxes and apps. Industry officials are attempting to persuade the FCC that its actions will create new costs for cable companies — costs they will not hesitate to pass along to the consumer.

“Consumers will end up paying,” executives from the industry told the agency in a filing last week. They added that “someone will need to develop and pay for new technologies and specifications” that meet the FCC’s requirements.

Regulators haven’t laid out a specific roadmap for the industry; rather, it plans to bring cable companies, tech companies, consumer groups and others together in a bid to hammer out a mutually agreeable standard that would allow new cable boxes to interact with cable content.

Among other objections, cable companies worry that whatever solution the group comes up with — if it finds one — will require substantial changes to their networks.

It would be costly to upgrade individual cable companies’ technology to “somehow work with every potential third party that wants access,” according to an industry official who spoke on condition of anonymity in order to discuss corporate strategies.
FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler dismissed those concerns Thursday, saying his agency’s proposal does not explicitly require a “multibillion-dollar reengineering of cable systems.”

“It is not forcing cable operators to change the way they do business,” he later told reporters, adding that the standards process will ensure cable companies will not face steep new costs.

The agency voted 3-2 to move forward with the proposal, with its Democratic commissioners voting in favor and Republicans voting against.

At the moment, it is essentially Wheeler’s prediction against the industry’s, because the standard-setting process has yet to take place and could occur over a number of years. But Wheeler’s proposed plan creates financial incentives that would drive cable companies to hurt consumers, industry execs argued to the FCC.

“Each and every company has told me that it would be less expensive to deploy additional boxes in their customers’ homes [than to reengineer their networks],” said Republican FCC Commissioner Ajit Pai. “So if the Commission’s proposal is implemented, the American people will probably end up paying for more boxes, not fewer.”

In this scenario, consumers would be unable to take advantage of a cable box built by a third party unless they first connected that box to the proprietary cable box supplied by the TV company.

The cable industry hopes the multiple-box argument, among others, will dissuade the FCC from its current approach. But consumer groups say it isn’t likely to resonate with officials — or with Americans.

“I think we need better proof from them than, ‘The cable company is looking out for you and would hate to raise your prices,'” said Matt Wood, policy director of the advocacy group Free Press. “There’s this notion that “No, no, Grandfather Cable is looking out for you and God forbid we charge you more.'”

http://www.iclarified.com/53963/microsoft-launches-25-person-group-video-calling-for-skype

Microsoft Launches 25 Person Group Video Calling for Skype

Microsoft has announced the launch of 25 person Skype group video calling. The feature is rolling out now to users on iPhone, iPad, and Android in Western Europe and North America. The roll-out in these markets should be completed over the next week or so with full availability worldwide expected in March.

For the ultimate get together experience, group video calls are in glorious HD quality and optimized specifically for the device you’re using, giving a more natural feel to the call. The person talking is displayed front and center and video is immersive and full screen. Audio is also crystal clear, thanks to our SILK Super Wide Band audio codec in our cloud conferencing stack. To achieve this, we’re proud to have worked with one of Microsoft’s biggest partners, Intel, which helped enable us to optimize SILK Audio specifically for Azure running on Intel processors.

The group video calling feature was previously limited to 5 participants but is now capable of conferencing 25 participants. You can flip between a grid view and a focus view where Skype automatically focuses on the active speaker, or lets you choose which participant to ‘Pin’ to the stage.

Inviting absolutely anyone
To make it even easier to get talking, a few months ago we announced a simple new way to invite anyone to a Skype call from a computer. We have now extended this to Skype for iPhone, iPad and Android, so that you can use this feature to invite anyone to a pre-existing group conversation. The best thing is that they don’t need to be in your Skype contact list — or even have a Skype account. All you need to do is start a chat on your iPhone, iPad or Android and share the unique conversation link however you want — via email, WhatsApp, Messenger, Twitter or Facebook. If they have Skype, they’ll join your conversation by clicking on the link and if they don’t, they can join the group video call on a computer using Skype for Web.

You can download the latest version of Skype from the links below…

[iPhone] [iPad] [Mac]

http://cdanews.com/2016/02/google-launches-gmailify-for-non-gmail-accounts/

http://www.greencarreports.com/news/1102415_inside-teslas-fremont-electric-car-plant-how-model-s-model-x-are-built-video

Inside Tesla’s Fremont Electric-Car Plant: How Model S, Model X Are Built (Video)

While the lithium-ion battery “Gigafactory” under construction in Nevada continues to get most of the attention, Tesla’s existing assembly plant in Fremont, California, continues to steadily churn out electric cars.

The company has built the Model S sedan in Fremont since 2012, and is now building the Model X crossover there as well.

And as it continues to build more cars, Tesla seems to be more relaxed about letting video crews into its factory.

DON’T MISS: Here’s What The Tesla Model X Assembly Line Looks Like (Dec 2015)

It recently showed off the Fremont factory’s inner workings to a San Francisco Bay Area CBS television crew.

Even with restricted media access, the factory’s white interior paint and epoxy floors–a personal preference of CEO Elon Musk, apparently–should be familiar to anyone that follows Tesla.

About the only things that aren’t painted white are the red robots, some of which have comic-book names like “Cyclops.”

Tesla Motors - Model S lithium-ion battery packTesla Motors – Model S lithium-ion battery pack

It’s likely a somewhat different look than the Fremont plant had under its original owners.

The 5.3 million square-foot building started out as New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. (NUMMI), a collaboration between General Motors and Toyota.

At peak production, it was able to build 500,000 cars a year–mostly compacts like the Pontiac Vibe and Geo Prizim.

ALSO SEE: Old Vs New: 2016 Tesla Model S 90D Compared To Original Version

Tesla builds a much smaller number of cars there now, but it hopes to realize similar volumes eventually.

The company has said it hopes to build 500,000 electric cars per year by 2020.

So if nothing else, it already has a factory that’s up to the job.

Tesla factory, Fremont, CaliforniaTesla factory, Fremont, California

Tesla acquired the former NUMMI plant in 2010, after both GM and Toyota had ceased building cars there.

GM pulled out in 2009. At the time, it was on the verge of bankruptcy and preparing to shutter Pontiac. The brand’s Vibe was the only GM product still being made in Fremont.

Shortly after GM announced an end to the partnership, Toyota announced that it too would cease building cars in Fremont.

MORE: Tesla Model 3 Unveil On March 31, Deposits Accepted That Day

Tesla subsequently moved in, after briefly considering building a new factory from the ground up in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

The company is now focusing on ramping up production of the Model X, and preparing to start production of higher-volume Model 3.

The Model 3 is Tesla’s much-discussed $35,000 sedan, which will have a range of 200 miles. Tesla will begin taking orders next month, and production is expected to start next year.

http://appleinsider.com/articles/16/02/18/new-4-inch-iphone-to-run-apples-a9-chip-ipad-air-3-to-sport-a9x—report

New 4-inch iPhone to run Apple’s A9 chip, ‘iPad Air 3’ to sport A9X – report

Though they are expected to be priced as mid-range products, Apple’s latest iPhone and iPad updates will run the same latest-generation processors as their flagship counterparts, a new report reveals.

In a cover story profiling Apple’s chipmaking operations, Bloomberg reported that Apple’s new 4-inch iPhone will run the same A9 processor found in the iPhone 6s series, its sources said. In addition, the “iPad Air 3” is expected to be powered by the A9X processor already found in the larger iPad Pro.

If accurate, the information would reveal that the new 4-inch iPhone, rumored to be called the “iPhone 5se” or “iPhone 6c,” will be more powerful than Apple’s current mid-range handset lineup, the iPhone 6 series. Priced starting at $549, the iPhone 6 runs an A8 processor with 1 gigabyte of RAM.

The A9 chip in the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus, meanwhile, has 2 gigabytes of RAM, allowing app data to remain active in the background for longer. The A9 is more than 50 percent faster than the A8 at multicore operations, and nearly 60 percent faster at single core tasks.

The A9 also includes the M9 motion coprocessor, which allows the iPhone 6s to track pace when running. It also powers the always-on “Hey Siri” functionality that allows users to invoke the voice-driven personal assistant without touching their phone.

If the new 4-inch iPhone gains all of the features of the A9 chip in the iPhone 6s, it’s still unknown how Apple plans to price the device. Earlier rumors had suggested Apple might price it under $500 without a subsidy, but that would undercut the $549 iPhone 6 with a device actually more powerful.

As for the third-generation iPad Air, the A9X processor found in the iPad Pro is a dual-core CPU with a 12-cluster GPU. The beefed-up chip doubles the graphics power of the base A9 processor found in the iPhone 6s series.

The A9X also boasts 4 gigabytes of RAM, doubling the amount of memory in the iPad Air 2 and iPhone 6s. Performance is also aided by a new storage controller that improves both read and write speeds.

Apple is widely expected to announce both the new 4-inch iPhone and iPad Air at a media event on March 15. The devices are rumored to go on sale just three days later, on Friday, March 18.

http://www.kurzweilai.net/eternal-5d-data-storage-could-reliably-record-the-history-of-humankind

‘Eternal 5D’ data storage could reliably record the history of humankind

Digital documents stored in nanostructured dots in fused silica dioxide glass for billions of years could survive the end of the human race
February 16, 2016

Documents captured in nanostructured glass, expected to last billions of years (credit: University of Southampton)

Scientists at the University of Southampton Optoelectronics Research Centre (ORC) have developed the first digital data storage system capable of creating archives that can survive for billions of years.

Using nanostructured glass, the system has 360 TB per disc capacity, thermal stability up to 1,000°C, and virtually unlimited lifetime at room temperature (or 13.8 billion years at 190°C ).

As a “highly stable and safe form of portable memory,” the technology opens up a new era of “eternal” data archiving that could be essential to cope with the accelerating amount of information currently being created and stored, the scientists says.* The system could be especially useful for organizations with big archives, such as national archives, museums, and libraries, according to the scientists.

Superman memory crystal

5D optical storage writing setup. FSL: femtosecond laser; SLM: spatial light modulator; FL1 and FL2: Fourier lens; HPM: half-wave plate matrix; AP: aperture; WIO: water immersion objective. Inset: Linearly polarized light (white arrows) with different intensity levels propagate simultaneously through each half-wave plate segment with different slow-axis orientation (black arrows). The colors of the rectangle indicate four different intensity levels. (credit: University of Southampton)

The recording system uses an ultrafast laser to produce extremely short (femtosecond) and intense pulses of light. The file is written in three layers of nanostructured dots separated by five micrometers (one millionth of a meter) in fuzed quartz (coined as a “Superman memory crystal” (as in “memory crystals” used in the Superman films).” The self-assembled nanostructures change the way light travels through glass, modifying the polarization of light, which can then be read by a combination optical microscope and polarizer, similar to that found in Polaroid sunglasses.

The recording method is described as “5D” because the information encoding is in five dimensions — three-dimensional position plus size and orientation.

So far, the researchers have saved major documents from human history, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), Newton’s Opticks, Magna Carta, and Kings James Bible as digital copies. A copy of the UDHR encoded to 5D data storage was recently presented to UNESCO by the ORC at the International Year of Light (IYL) closing ceremony in Mexico.

The team is now looking for industry partners to further develop and commercialize this technology.

The researchers will present their research at the photonics industry’s SPIE (the International Society for Optical Engineering Conference) in San Francisco on Wednesday Feb. 17.

* In 2008, the International Data Corporation [found] that total capacity of data stored is increasing by around 60% each year. As a result, more than 39,000 exabytes of data will be generated by 2020. This amount of data will cause a series of problems and one of the main will be power consumption. 1.5% of the total U.S. electricity consumption in 2010 was given to the data centers in the U.S. According to a report by the Natural Resources Defence Council, the power consumption of all data centers in the U.S. will reach roughly 140 billion kilowatt-hours per each year by 2020. This amount of electricity is equivalent to that generated by roughly thirteen Heysham 2 nuclear power stations (one of the biggest stations in UK, net 1240 MWe).

Most of these data centers are built based on hard-disk drive (HDD), with only a few designed on optical discs. HDD is the most popular solution for digital data storage according to the International Data Corporation. However, HDD is not an energy-efficient option for data archiving; the loading energy consumption is around 0.04 W/GB. In addition, HDD is an unsatisfactory candidate for long-term storage due to the short lifetime of the hardware and requires transferring data every two years to avoid any loss.

— Jingyu Zhang et al. Eternal 5D data storage by ultrafast laser writing in glass. Proceedings of the SPIE OPTO 2016


Abstract of Eternal 5D data storage by ultrafast laser writing in glass

Femtosecond laser writing in transparent materials has attracted considerable interest due to new science and a wide range of applications from laser surgery, 3D integrated optics and optofluidics to geometrical phase optics and ultra-stable optical data storage. A decade ago it has been discovered that under certain irradiation conditions self-organized subwavelength structures with record small features of 20 nm, could be created in the volume of silica glass. On the macroscopic scale the self-assembled nanostructure behaves as a uniaxial optical crystal with negative birefringence. The optical anisotropy, which results from the alignment of nano-platelets, referred to as form birefringence, is of the same order of magnitude as positive birefringence in crystalline quartz. The two independent parameters describing birefringence, the slow axis orientation (4th dimension) and the strength of retardance (5th dimension), are explored for the optical encoding of information in addition to three spatial coordinates. The slow axis orientation and the retardance are independently manipulated by the polarization and intensity of the femtosecond laser beam. The data optically encoded into five dimensions is successfully retrieved by quantitative birefringence measurements. The storage allows unprecedented parameters including hundreds of terabytes per disc data capacity and thermal stability up to 1000°. Even at elevated temperatures of 160oC, the extrapolated decay time of nanogratings is comparable with the age of the Universe – 13.8 billion years. The demonstrated recording of the digital documents, which will survive the human race, including the eternal copies of Kings James Bible and Magna Carta, is a vital step towards an eternal archive.

references:

  • Jingyu Zhang, Aušra Cerkauskaite, Rokas Drevinskas, Aabid Patel, Martynas Beresna, Peter G. Kazansky. Eternal 5D data storage by ultrafast laser writing in glass. Proceedings of the SPIE OPTO 2016 (forthcoming)

http://www.kurzweilai.net/ibm-watson-ai-xprize-announced-at-ted

IBM Watson AI XPRIZE announced at TED

February 17, 2016

(credit: IBM)

The IBM Watson AI XPRIZE, a Cognitive Computing Competition was announced on the TED Stage today (Feb 17) by XPRIZE Foundation chairman Peter Diamandis and IBM Watson general manager David Kenny.

It’s a $5 million competition challenging teams from around the world to develop and demonstrate how humans can collaborate with powerful cognitive technologies to tackle some of the world’s grand challenges.

According to IBM, “the goal is to bring together a broad group of creative minds, which is why we’ve teamed up with XPRIZE, the leader in incentivized prize competitions that push the limits of possibility to change the world for the better, and the TED community, to make it happen.

“For each year between 2017 and 2019, we’ll challenge teams to share their ideas publicly and go head-to-head at our annual World of Watson conference with a chance to advance through the competition and win milestone prizes.”

Unlike previous XPRIZE competitions, teams will come up with their own ideas for challenges in the broad field of “AI.” Ideas will be evaluated by a panel of expert judges for technical validity and the TED and XPRIZE communities will choose the winner based on “the audacity of their mission and the awe-inspiring nature of the teams’ TED Talks in 2020,” says IBM.

IBM believes this competition can accelerate the creation of “landmark breakthroughs that deliver new, positive impacts to peoples’ lives, and the transformation of industries and professions.”

“Typical of all XPRIZE competitions, the IBM Watson AI XPRIZE will crowdsource solutions from some of the most brilliant thinkers and entrepreneurs around the world, creating true exponential impact,” according to the XPRIZE Foundation.

Complete rules and guidelines will be made available in May.  Pre-register here.

http://www.kurzweilai.net/first-detection-of-super-earth-atmosphere

First detection of super-Earth atmosphere

February 17, 2016


ESA/Hubble, M. Kornmesser  | Transit of 55 Cancri e

Astronomers have analyzed the atmosphere of a “super-Earth” exoplanet for the first time, according to The Hubble Space Telescope project, an international cooperation between ESA and NASA. Result: it’s mostly hydrogen and helium.

The data gathered with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and new analysis techniques also revealed that exoplanet 55 Cancri e has a dry atmosphere without any indications of water vapor.

The results will be published in the Astrophysical Journal (also available on open-source arXiv).

Exoplanet 55 Cancri e has a mass of eight Earth-masses* and is located in the planetary system of 55 Cancri, a star about 40 light-years from Earth.

This artist’s concept shows the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope in orbit around the Earth. (credit: ESA/Hubble (M. Kornmesser))

“This is a very exciting result because it’s the first time that we have been able to find the spectral fingerprints that show the gases present in the atmosphere of a super-Earth,” explains Angelos Tsiaras, a PhD student at UCL, who developed the analysis technique along with his colleagues Ingo Waldmann and Marco Rocchetto.

“The observations of 55 Cancri e’s atmosphere suggest that the planet has managed to cling on to a significant amount of hydrogen and helium from the nebula from which it originally formed.”

Super-Earths like 55 Cancri e are thought to be the most common type of planet in our galaxy. They acquired the name ‘super-Earth’ because they have a mass larger than that of the Earth but are still much smaller than the gas giants in the Solar System.

55 Cancri e, however, is an unusual super-Earth as it orbits very close to its parent star. A year on the exoplanet lasts for only 18 hours and temperatures on the surface are thought to reach around 2000 degrees Celsius. Because the exoplanet is orbiting its bright parent star at such a small distance, the team was able to use new analysis techniques to extract information about the planet, during its transits in front of the host star.

Observations were made by scanning the WFC3 very quickly across the star to create a number of spectra. By combining these observations and processing them through analytic software, the researchers were able to retrieve the spectrum of 55 Cancri e embedded in the light of its parent star.

* 55 Cancri e has previously been dubbed the “diamond planet” because models based on its mass and radius have led to the idea that its interior is carbon-rich.


Abstract of Detection of an atmosphere around the super-Earth 55 Cancri e

We report the analysis of two new spectroscopic observations of the super-Earth 55 Cancri e, in the near infrared, obtained with the WFC3 camera onboard the HST. 55 Cancri e orbits so close to its parent star, that temperatures much higher than 2000 K are expected on its surface. Given the brightness of 55 Cancri, the observations were obtained in scanning mode, adopting a very long scanning length and a very high scanning speed. We use our specialized pipeline to take into account systematics introduced by these observational parameters when coupled with the geometrical distortions of the instrument. We measure the transit depth per wavelength channel with an average relative uncertainty of 22 ppm per visit and find modulations that depart from a straight line model with a 6σ confidence level. These results suggest that 55 Cancri e is surrounded by an atmosphere, which is probably hydrogen-rich. Our fully Bayesian spectral retrieval code, T-REx, has identified HCN to be the most likely molecular candidate able to explain the features at 1.42 and 1.54μm. While additional spectroscopic observations in a broader wavelength range in the infrared will be needed to confirm the HCN detection, we discuss here the implications of such result. Our chemical model, developed with combustion specialists, indicates that relatively high mixing ratios of HCN may be caused by a high C/O ratio. This result suggests this super-Earth is a carbon-rich environment even more exotic than previously thought.

references:

https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/raspberry-pi-baby-monitor/

RASPBERRY PI BABY MONITOR

In common with geeky new parents before and since, blogger Baby R’s Dad feltinspired by the imminent arrival of his child to make something to monitor all thesleeping he hoped the infant would be doing.

It really spoils your enjoyment of the three-year-old Nordic Noir you’re finallywatching if, on top of your partner’s commentary of, “I don’t feel like watching this,”“Why would anyone watch this?” and “I don’t understand how someone who has tohold my hand during Doctor Who can cope with watching this,” you have to dealwith nagging worries about whether the baby you last checked on a full eightminutes ago is still slumbering contentedly. So I was interested to see how BabyR’s Dad, one half of blogging parent duo Stuff Babies Need, had approached theproblem.

He uses a Raspberry Pi with a USB webcam and the motion package in a verysimple set-up that gives you a live stream you can view from a phone or laptop onyour local network. It also saves still images and video whenever it detects motion.

Baby monitor

Baby R’s Dad supplies instructions that take you from buying a Pi and peripherals,through preparing your SD card, to viewing the live stream. A planned secondtutorial that would extend the system to include things like temperature monitoringisn’t available at the moment; happily, though, temperature monitoring is an idealbeginner project that we’ve covered previously on the blog. If it’s your parents youneed to keep tabs on rather than a baby, our Parent Detector resource has youcovered, too.